Last Problem:
You are given three jars that contain gumdrops, candy-coated chocolate drops, and the third jar has a combination of these. You are told that every label is wrong on the jars, and the jars are not transparent. What is the least number of candies you must test in order to re-label them correctly?
Answer:
ONE: take a candy from the jar labeled “Mix” – you know this jar with the wrong label is not mixed – so that is the jar filled with the sweets you pulled out – say gumdrops. Now you know the jar labeled “Gumdrops” (which isn’t gumdrops) could be “Mix” or “Chocolate” – but since the other jar is wrongly labeled “Gumdrops” then the “Gumdrop” jar must have the “Chocolates” (since the “Mix” jar has the gumdrops). Then the “Chocolate” jar must have the mix.
Today’s Problem:
Five people order lunch one after another. Their names, not in order, are Carol, Donald, Joey, Rachel and Sven. These are what they ordered, but not according to their names: cheeseburger, salad, chicken sandwich, hamburger and fish & chips. Each asks for an extra sauce – ketchup, mustard, barbecue sauce, mayonnaise and ranch dressing. Who got what lunch and in what order were they standing in line? Your clues are:
The first customer (not a girl) is not the one who ordered the salad.
The salad didn’t have barbecue sauce on it.
Carol ate chicken for lunch and was not the last one in line.
The person who asked for ketchup had a cheeseburger.
Joey didn’t eat the fish which was smothered with mustard.
Donald was in the very middle of the line.
Sven was in line after the salad-eater but before the mayonnaise lover.